Plant physiology explains how plants function through processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, growth, and nutrient transport, all of which depend on interactions with the soil environment. Soil chemistry regulates the availability of essential elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and micronutrients by controlling factors such as pH, cation-exchange capacity, and redox potential. These chemical properties determine nutrient solubility and uptake efficiency, which in turn influence physiological processes including chlorophyll synthesis, enzyme activity, and energy metabolism. For instance, nitrate and phosphate absorption requires both active root transport mechanisms and favourable soil conditions. Thus, plant productivity reflects the integration of internal physiological processes with external soil chemical dynamics, highlighting the interdependence of plant physiology and soil chemistry.