2521-5043Earth Sciences is the study of the Earth’s physical structure, processes, and natural resources, and it holds particular importance in Malaysia due to the country’s rich geological diversity, tropical climate, and abundant natural resources. The Malaysian landscape features mountain ranges, river systems, coastal plains, and extensive rainforests, all shaped by complex geological and environmental processes. The field encompasses disciplines such as geology, geomorphology, hydrology, seismology, and environmental science, which are essential for understanding natural hazards like floods, landslides, and coastal erosion that frequently affect the region. Additionally, Earth Sciences support Malaysia’s economy through the exploration and management of mineral resources, oil and gas, and water resources, while also promoting sustainable development, environmental conservation, and disaster mitigation.